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QuickView for Nalidixic Acid (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Nalidixic Acid |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 10036953 |
| Description: | A synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA GYRASE. |
| Molecular formula: | C12H12N2O3 |
| Molecular weight: | 233.228 g/mol |
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Nalidixic Acid |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00779 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA GYRASE. |
| Brand: | Nalidixate, Nevigramon, Uronidix, Naxuril, Dixiben, Cybis, Wintron, Wintomylon, Sicmylon, Nalidixin, Jicsron, Nalidic acid, Nalidixinic acid, Unaserus, Urisal, Nalidixic acid USP27, Dixinal, Nalix, Negram, Innoxalon, Nalurin, NegGram, Nalitucsan, Eucistin, naladixic acid, Nogram, Nalidixan |
| Category: | Anti-Infective Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors |
| CAS number: | 389-08-2 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by susceptible gram-negative microorganisms, including the majority of <i>E. Coli</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i> species, <i>Klebsiella</i> species, and <i>Proteus</i> species. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Nalidixic acid is a quinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. Nalidixic acid has marked antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacter species, Escherichia coli, Morganella Morganii; Proteus Mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Providencia rettgeri. Pseudomonas ...
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| Mechanism of Action: | Evidence exists for Nalidixic acid that its active metabolite, hydroxynalidixic acid, binds strongly, but reversibly, to DNA, interfering with synthesis of RNA and, consequently, with protein synthesis. |
| Absorption: | Following oral administration, nalidixic acid is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is approximately 96%. Absorption may be delayed if taken with antacids. |
| Protein binding: | Nalidixic acid is 93% bound to protein in the blood, and the active metabolite, hydroxynalidixic acid is 63% bound. |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. 30% of administered dose is metabolized to the active metabolite, hydroxynalidixic acid. Rapid conjugation of parent drug and active metabolite to inactive metabolites. Metabolism may vary widely among individuals. In the urine, hydroxynalidixic acid represents 80 to 85% of the antibacterial activity. |
| Route of elimination: | Following oral administration, NegGram is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, partially metabolized in the liver, and rapidly excreted through the kidneys. Approximately four percent of NegGram is excreted in the feces. |
| Half Life: | 1.1 to 2.5 hours in healthy adult patients, and up to 21 hours in patients with impaired renal function. |
| Toxicity: | ORAL (LD50): Acute: 1160 mg/kg [Rat]. 572 mg/kg [Mouse]. Toxic psychosis, convulsions, increased intracranial pressure, or metabolic acidosis may occur in patients taking more than the recommended dosage. Vomiting, nausea, and lethargy may also occur following overdosage. |
| Affected organisms: | Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
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Targets
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